Spatial Analysis of Clean and Healthy Behaviors as the Diarrhea Risk Factors at Sangir Subdistrict, South Solok in the Year Of 2007
Abstract
Vera Elfiatri , Hari Kusnanto , Lutfan Lazuardi
Background: Diarrhea prevalence rate in Sangir Subdistrict, South Solok reached to 1092 cases in 2007. This problem aroused the researcher’s concern to observe several aspects which influenced the diarrhea prevalence. There were several aspects of clean and healthy behaviors would be examined, such as the use of family toilet and clean water, garbage dumping, and. This model would deliver a spatial model which determined area susceptibility to diarrhea at Sangir Subdistrict.
Objective: This study aimed to find out the advantage of spatial modeling in determining area susceptibility level to diarrhea and finding out the relationship between diarrhea prevalence and the use of family toilet and clean water, garbage dumping, also hand washing habit. It also aimed to find out the advantage of spatial information in improving diarrhea control management at high prevalence area.
Methods: This study was an analytical study by using case control design method. The sample was 132 diarrhea cases in Sangir Subdistrict. It was determined by using purposive area random sampling from several villages in Sangir. The data were analyzed by using software of GeoDa and SaTScan.
Results: The relationship between the use of family toilet and diarrhea cases was z = -4.820, p = 0.001 (p < 0.05); the relationship between the use of clean water and diarrhea cases was z = 2.811, p = 0.0049 (p < 0.05); the relationship between garbage dumping and diarrhea cases was z = 0.599, p = 0.549 (p > 0.05); the relationship between hand washing habit and diarrhea cases was z = 0.393, p = 0.694 (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: (a) Diarrhea cases at Sangir were related to the use of family toilet p = 0.001 (p < 0.05), (b) Diarrhea cases at Sangir were related to the use of clean water p = 0.0049 (p < 0.05), (c) Diarrhea cases at Sangir were not related to the garbage dumping p = 0.549 (p > 0.05), (d) Diarrhea cases at Sangir were not related to hand washing habit p = 0.694 (p > 0.05), (e) The diarrhea cases occured at 17 villages at Sangir; the highest cases rate was 14.39 % at Sampu village and followed by 11.36% at Bariang village, (f) There was clustering of diarrhea cases in Sangir significantly. Clustering of diarrhea cases was related to the clean and healthy behaviors such as the use of family toilet and clean water, garbage dumping, and hand washing habit.
Keywords: Spatial analysis, clean and healthy behavior, diarrhea risk factors